Who doesn't look forward to PD days? While some educators do, I have the feeling that many of you cringe at the thought. Recently, on my podcast Unpacking the Backpack, I discussed the pitfalls of professional development (PD) after revisiting a blog post I wrote in 2021. Listen on Spotify or wherever you access your favorite podcasts. You can also read the original blog post HERE. Below are some expanded thoughts on the topic.
PD is the cornerstone of district and school culture. The idea is sound: equip educators with new skills, knowledge, and strategies to better serve their students. Yet, for many teachers and administrators, the mention of PD evokes a sigh rather than excitement. Why does this crucial investment so often fall short of its potential? The answer lies in several common pitfalls that plague PD initiatives in schools.
One significant issue is the lack of relevance and personalization. Too often, PD is a one-size-fits-all affair, delivered en masse regardless of individual needs or subject-specific challenges. A high school science teacher might find little value in a workshop focused on early literacy strategies, just as a veteran educator might feel patronized by introductory sessions on classroom management. This disconnect leads to disengagement and a feeling that time is being wasted (Darling-Hammond et al., 2017). This is compounded even more when it comes to administrators, as they rarely receive any meaningful PD on scheduled days, let alone throughout the school year.
Another major hurdle is the "drive-by" nature of many PD sessions. A single keynote, breakout, workshop, or a short series of presentations rarely translates into lasting change in practice. Teachers, in particular, are bombarded with information but lack the time, support, and ongoing coaching needed to effectively implement new ideas in their classrooms. The knowledge gained often fades quickly without opportunities for reflection, collaboration, and practical application (Joyce & Showers, 2002). Again, as it relates to administrators, they are often forgotten and deserve quality PD.
If the above pitfalls aren’t worrisome, they are more. Insufficient follow-through and accountability can undermine even well-intentioned PD. If there's no mechanism to observe, discuss, reflect upon, and refine the implementation of learned strategies, the impact remains minimal. Teachers may feel they've ticked a box by attending, but the true measure of PD – improved student outcomes – is rarely tracked or analyzed effectively (Guskey, 2000). The same holds true for administrators at all positions. This is where ongoing and job-embedded coaching become the optimal professional learning pathway for leaders.
The lack of voice and ownership in the selection and design of PD is another critical flaw. When teachers feel like PD is something imposed upon them rather than something they actively participate in shaping, their embracement diminishes. Including educators in the needs assessment and planning stages can ensure that PD addresses real challenges and fosters a sense of shared responsibility for professional growth (Villegas-Reimers, 2003).
Finally, the time commitment and logistical challenges associated with PD can create significant barriers. Pulling educators away from valuable classroom time can disrupt student learning and add to already heavy workloads. Finding suitable substitutes, covering administrative duties, and scheduling sessions that accommodate everyone's needs can be a logistical nightmare, sometimes leading to rushed or poorly executed PD. Again, this is where coaching cycles provide immense value.
While the intent behind professional development is undoubtedly positive, its effectiveness is often hampered by a lack of relevance, insufficient follow-through, limited teacher input, and logistical hurdles. To truly unlock the potential of professional learning, schools need to shift towards more personalized, ongoing, and collaborative models that empower teachers and leaders while directly addressing students' needs. Only then can we move beyond the professional development paradox and create a culture of continuous growth that benefits everyone in the educational community.
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Darling-Hammond, L., Hyler, M. E., & Gardner, M. (2017). Effective teacher professional development. Learning Policy Institute.
Guskey, T. R. (2000). Evaluating professional development. Corwin Press.
Joyce, B., & Showers, B. (2002). Student achievement through staff development (3rd ed.). Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Villegas-Reimers, E. (2003). Teacher professional development: An international review of the literature. UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning.