Addressing Gaps in Practice with Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Unless you are living under a rock, AI is all the rage right now, and rightfully so.  It can revolutionize various practices by addressing gaps in efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making. By analyzing vast amounts of data, AI algorithms can uncover patterns and trends that human analysts may miss, leading to more informed and effective strategies. For instance, in healthcare, AI-powered tools can analyze patient data to predict disease outbreaks, optimize treatment plans, and streamline administrative tasks. In finance, AI can detect fraudulent activities, automate trading, and provide personalized financial advice.

Furthermore, AI can enhance human capabilities by automating repetitive tasks and augmenting decision-making processes. By freeing up time and resources, professionals can focus on more complex and creative tasks. For example, AI can assist lawyers in legal research, helping them identify relevant case law and regulations more efficiently. In the creative industries, AI can generate ideas, design products, and compose music, inspiring human creativity and innovation. As AI advances, its potential to address gaps in practice and improve various industries is immense.

So, what does this mean for educators? In coaching work with leaders, my Aspire Change EDU team and I facilitate numerous coaching cycles over the course of a year. During these visits, we collect a great deal of qualitative and quantitative evidence to analyze as part of the feedback process. We then use questioning techniques, research, and evidence to identify gaps in practice. There is typically consensus around the same practices that represent opportunities for growth, such as:

• Hooks at the beginning of the lesson
• Scaffolding questions to bump up thinking
• Relevance 
• Closure (exit tickets) at the end
• Developing common formative assessments (CFA’s) to obtain usable data to personalized and use in PLC’s
• Use of data in the classrooms to group, regroup, and differentiate as well as for interventions
• Data analysis for PLC’s
• Rubric development (especially when using an arbitrary scoring guide)
• Unpacking standards into learning targets

These are just a few areas where, once identified, AI can help to address the gap in practice with instant suggestions. During a recent coaching visit a modeled how this could be done.  After visiting high school classrooms most of the day, I then debriefed with the leadership team. Questions were used to calibrate and flesh out growth opportunities.  In this case, it was determined that even though teachers had time and were expected to be implementing common formative assessments (CFA,s), we didn’t see evidence to support that this was happening.  We also identified the need to utilize lesson hooks at the beginning of the class and find ways to make the standards relevant.  It was at this point that I modeled how AI could be used.

Below are the three prompts that I entered into Google Gemini. The beauty of this was that I could build on each previous response and didn’t have to re-enter the standard. 

Prompt 1: Create a 3-problem scaffolded formative assessment (easy, moderate, challenging) for this standard: A-SSE.1.a: Interpret parts of an expression, such as terms, factors, and coefficients.

Easy: Identify the coefficient in the following expression:

• 5x + 2

Moderate: Consider the expression: 3x^2 - 7x + 4

• How many terms are in the expression?
• Identify the coefficient of the x^2 term.

Challenging: Given the expression: 2πr(r + h)

• What does the "2πr" represent in terms of a cylinder?
• How many factors are in the expression?

Prompt 2: Create a hook based on this standard to begin the lesson

"Imagine you're a detective, and you're given a mysterious code. To crack the code, you need to understand its hidden parts. Today, we're going to be detectives of algebra, breaking down expressions to uncover their secrets. We'll learn how to identify the clues, or the parts of an expression, that will help us solve algebraic puzzles."

Prompt 3: How can a teacher make this standard relevant for students

Real-World Connections:

• Geometry: Relate coefficients to dimensions in formulas like the area of a rectangle (A = lw) or the volume of a rectangular prism (V = lwh).
• Physics: Discuss how coefficients represent physical quantities in equations like force (F = ma) or kinetic energy (KE = 0.5mv^2).
• Finance: Explain how coefficients influence financial calculations, such as interest rates in compound interest formulas or tax rates in income tax calculations.

Engaging Activities:

• Expression Match-Up: Create cards with expressions and their corresponding parts (terms, factors, coefficients). Students can match the cards to reinforce understanding.
• Real-World Expression Creation: Have students write expressions to represent real-world scenarios, such as calculating the cost of a phone plan with a base fee and per-minute charge.
• Expression Building Game: Use blocks or tiles to represent different parts of an expression. Students can build expressions and identify their components.
• Error Analysis: Present students with incorrect interpretations of expressions and have them identify and correct the mistakes.

As you can see, AI can be an invaluable tool for teachers, administrators, and coaches if and only if used after the gaps in practice have been identified. It is not a substitute for teaching and leading but an on-demand support that can help save time and maximize your impact. 

Using Student Discourse to Increase Engagement

As my Aspire Change EDU consultant team and I visit classrooms on a routine basis, we strive to lead administrators, coaches, and teachers in reflecting on their practice using questioning techniques.  The majority of these often revolve around engagement, and it is quickly realized that when students are compliant, it is because the adult is doing all the work or talking. A simple yet powerful strategy to move from compliance to engagement is discourse through turn & talk. 

So why is this so important when it comes to engagement? Student discourse, the interaction and exchange of ideas among students, is a vital component of learning. When students engage in meaningful conversations, they are not only actively constructing knowledge but also developing essential competencies for academic and personal success.

Cognitive Development and Critical Thinking

Research has consistently shown that student discourse is a powerful tool for cognitive development. As Mercer (2000) argues, "Talk is not simply a vehicle for transmitting information; it is a tool for thinking." When students articulate their thoughts and listen to the perspectives of their peers, they are challenged to think critically, analyze information, and construct new knowledge. This process helps students identify gaps in their understanding, refine their ideas, and develop a deeper appreciation for diverse viewpoints. 

Enhanced Communication 

The ability to articulate ideas clearly and persuasively is highly valued in today's interconnected world. Through classroom discussions, students learn to express themselves effectively orally and in writing. They also develop the ability to listen attentively, ask probing questions, and respond thoughtfully to the ideas of others. These skills are not only valuable for academic success but also for personal and professional growth.

Building Community and Belonging

When students feel safe and supported to share their thoughts and ideas, they are more likely to develop positive relationships with their peers and teachers. This sense of community can create a more inclusive and welcoming learning environment where all students feel valued and empowered to contribute, something Nicki Slaugh and I emphasize in Personalize. 

Nurturing Environments Conducive to Learning 

To maximize the benefits of student discourse through turn & talk or think-pair-share, educators must create a supportive classroom culture that encourages open dialogue and critical thinking. This involves establishing clear expectations for respectful interaction, providing opportunities for students to practice their communication skills, utilizing scaffolded questions, and modeling effective discourse practices themselves. As Weimer (2015) suggests, learner-centered teaching approaches, which prioritize student voice and active participation, can significantly enhance the impact of student discourse.

Quality discussion involves purposeful questions prepared in advance, assessment, and starting points for further conversations. I shared the following ideas in Disruptive Thinking:

• Facilitate face-to-face interaction 
• Pose open-ended questions 
• Encourage peer-to-peer dialogue 
• Prompt students to explain their reasoning 
• Diversify question formats
• Provide opportunities for all students to share out following the discussion to amplify voice (individual whiteboards, dry-erase surfaces, Post-it notes, technology)

By creating a space for authentic conversation, teachers can transform their classrooms into vibrant learning communities where students thrive. As the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2018) emphasize, student engagement is a key factor in promoting deep learning and long-lasting knowledge retention.

Student discourse is a powerful tool for fostering critical thinking, enhancing communication skills, and building a strong sense of community within the classroom. By prioritizing student voice and creating opportunities for meaningful conversation, teachers can create more engaging, inclusive, and transformative learning experiences for all students.

Mercer, N. (2000). Words and minds: How we use language to think together. Routledge.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. (2018). The science of learning: Organization, motivation, and engagement. National Academies Press.

Weimer, M. (2015). Learner-centered teaching: Five key changes to practice. Jossey-Bass.

Accountability Drives Growth

These days, it seems that everyone says they want change. However, the fact is that those asking for it might not be as open to the idea as they want others to think. The number dwindles even more when considering who wants to lead the process.   No matter how you slice and dice it, improving outcomes aligned with change relies on the dreaded “A” word – accountability.  It doesn’t have to be this way, though.  Success hinges on a leader’s ability to help others see the value in accountability as a growth mechanism, not an “I gotcha.” A vision, mission, and strategic plan only come to fruition when this piece is in place. 

Let’s examine this fact a bit more closely. Accountability for growth is a cornerstone of effective organizations, and districts and schools are no different. When teachers and administrators are held accountable for their actions and outcomes, it drives performance, innovation, and continuous improvement. At a systems level, instilling a culture of accountability requires a comprehensive approach that involves clear goals, regular feedback, and supportive leadership.   

Goals

One key strategy for instilling accountability is to establish clear and measurable goals. Research suggests that specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals can significantly improve performance and motivation (Locke & Latham, 1990). When goals are well-defined and understood, individuals and teams are more likely to take ownership of their work through reflective action and strive to achieve them.   

Feedback

Regular feedback is another critical component of a culture of accountability, a fact I discussed in detail in Disruptive Thinking. Constructive feedback helps individuals understand their strengths and gaps in practice and provides opportunities for growth and development. According to Hattie (2009), feedback is one of the most powerful influences on learning and achievement. By providing timely and specific feedback, leaders can empower individuals and teams to improve their performance and stay on track.   

Leadership

Leadership plays a crucial role. Effective leaders create a culture where accountability is valued and rewarded. They set a strong example by holding themselves accountable for their own actions and decisions. Additionally, as I articulated in Digital Leadership, they empower their people by providing them with the resources, support, and autonomy they need to succeed.  Transparency cannot be overstated.  As I shared in a previous post, leadership is not just about providing direction—it's about creating a culture where trust thrives, decisions are transparent, and every voice is empowered to contribute to the bigger vision. 

Districts and schools can implement systems and processes that promote transparency and shared responsibility. For example, regular learning walks, performance check-ins, and progress updates can help to keep everyone aligned and focused on common goals. Additionally, using data and analytics to track progress and identify areas for improvement can provide valuable insights and drive accountability.   

Achieving growth accountability at the systems level necessitates a comprehensive strategy that includes well-defined expectations, continuous feedback, strong leadership support, and efficient systems and processes. Strong leadership is essential for creating a culture of accountability. Leaders must set the tone by modeling the behaviors they expect from their people. They must also provide the resources and support that individuals and teams need to succeed. Additionally, leaders should celebrate successes and provide constructive feedback to help individuals and teams improve.

Hattie, J. (2009). Visible learning: A synthesis of over 800 meta-analyses relating to achievement. Routledge.   

Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (1990). A theory of goal setting & task performance. Prentice Hall.